First, all equipments that contain a ” Reactance ” like ” Motors, Transformers, … ” and are working on ” AC power supply ” need absolutly the Reactive power, and this reactive power is depending on the specifications of these equipments. Exp. if there's 2 motors have the same value of the active power but for the 1st ” Cos φ = 0.80 ” and for the 2nd ” Cos φ = 0.85 “, the 1st motor needs as reactive power more than the 2nd motor. Noting that the Reactive power doesn't transfer to any kind of work, for exp. only the active power of a motor will be transferred to a mechanical work.
The most disadvatages of a big reactive power are :
– The invoice of the consumed reactive energy will be important.
– A big Jule's losses.
– The Voltage Drop will be also big specially in the transmission lines as their distances are important.
– For a source ” P² = S² – Q² “, so, as the Reactive power increase, the available active power decrease.
For these reasons, and as we can't do any thing for the consumed reactive power of equipments, we try to improve always the value of ” Cos φ ” for the networks, when doing, the advantages are :
– Decrease the amount of the invoices.
– Decrease the Jule's losses.
– Decrease the Voltage Drop specially on the Transmission lines.
– More available of Active power for a source.